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Charles Mattias ("Matt") Mountain is the current President of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy ((AURA )). AURA is a consortium of 40 US institutions and 4 international affiliates that operates world-class astronomical observatories. AURA’s role is to establish, nurture, and promote public observatories and facilities that advance innovative astronomical research. In addition, AURA is deeply committed to public and educational outreach, and to diversity throughout the astronomical and scientific workforce. AURA carries out its role through its astronomical facilities. Mountain served as the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Director in Baltimore, Maryland between September 2005 and March 2015.〔(STScI Director's website ). Accessed October 11, 2013.〕〔(New Director Appointed at Space Telescope ), STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, June 13, 2005.〕〔Kanipe, Jeff. (Space telescopes: Mountain at the top ), Nature 437, pp. 610-611, September 29, 2005 | doi:10.1038/437610a〕 Previously, Mountain was the director of the Gemini Observatory and led the design, construction, and operation of Gemini's two 8-meter telescopes in Hawaii and Chile.〔(About the Director ), STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕〔Gravitz, Lauren. (Matt Mountain: A Clear Vision of the Future ), GeminiFocus Issue 38, pp. 12-15, June 2009.〕 Mountain is also the telescope scientist for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a member of the JWST Science Working Group, a professor at Johns Hopkins University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy, and a visiting professor at the University of Oxford.〔(Meet Matt Mountain, James Webb Space Telescope Scientist and STScI Director ), NASA, JWST. Accessed October 9, 2013.〕〔(JHU Faculty: Charles Mattias Mountain ), Department of Physics and Astronomy, JHU. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 == Education and career == Mountain earned a bachelor of science degree in physics in 1978 and a Ph.D. in astronomy in 1983, both from the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London University.〔〔〔 After earning his degrees, Mountain held a Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) research fellowship〔(SERC Fellowships ), Smithsonian Institution. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 at Imperial College. Mountain later joined the staff of the Royal Observatory in Edinburgh, where he remained for seven years.〔〔(Professional Background ), STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 At the Royal Observatory, Mountain's work involved observations of star formation processes, and he led a team that designed and commissioned the CGS-4 infrared array spectrometer for the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope in Hawaii.〔 Mountain became project scientist for the Gemini 8-meter telescopes project〔Kurz, R.; Mountain, M.; Oschmann, J. (The Gemini 8-meter telescopes project: Scientific priorities and programmatics ), International Symposium on the Scientific and Engineering Frontiers for 8 - 10 m Telescopes, p. 27 - 32, 1995〕 in 1992, then was appointed director of the seven-nation Gemini project〔(International Gemini Project ). Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 in 1994. Mountain led the team that designed, built, and commissioned the two 8-meter-diameter Gemini telescopes atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii and Cerro Pachón in Chile.〔〔 The book ''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology''〔(''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology'' ), by W. Patrick McCray, Harvard University Press, 2006〕 details the efforts involved in building the Gemini telescopes.〔 At Gemini's helm for more than a decade, Mountain assumed responsibility for the creation of the Gemini Observatory, which included formulating, implementing, and running the operations and development programs for the two telescopes.〔〔 Mountain also developed an adaptive optics group to help the Gemini telescopes remain at the forefront of observational infrared astronomy.〔〔〔〔 In 2002, NASA appointed Mountain to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Science Working Group〔(JWST Science Working Group ), NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.〕 as the JWST telescope scientist.〔〔 Mountain worked with the JWST project〔(JWST Project ), NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.〕 to downscale the telescope's primary mirror to an achievable diameter. He represented the science community on the Mirror Review Board, contributing to the selection of beryllium mirrors〔(JWST Mirrors ), NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.〕〔(NASA Approves James Webb Space Telescope Mirror Architecture ), STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, September 10, 2003.〕 for the telescope. He co-chaired the Science Assessment Team〔(James Webb Space Telescope Science Assessment Team Interim Report ), STScI, July 26, 2005.〕 in 2005 and was a member of the Test Assessment Team〔(JWST Test Assessment Team Final Report ), NASA, October 9, 2007〕 in 2010. Mountain continues to work with NASA, the JWST project, the JWST instrument teams,〔(Instrument and Science Teams for JWST ), STScI, JWST News, January 8, 2003.〕 and the Science Working Group to ensure that the performance of JWST meets the requirements of the scientific community.〔 In 2003, Mountain initiated a partnership with the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), which resulted in the formation of the New Initiatives Office〔(AURA New Initiatives Office, General Principles ), AURA, August 8, 2005.〕 at the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA). The New Initiatives Office conducted a two-year study of the feasibility of ground-based 30-meter telescopes, which led to the inclusion of AURA in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project. Mountain has also served as a member of the review committee for the California Extremely Large Telescope (which became the TMT) and of the TMT Board.〔〔 In 2005, Mountain was appointed the director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) by AURA in consultation with NASA.〔〔 As part of his effort to transform STScI into an adaptable multi-mission institution〔(Profile: Matt Mountain ), (SpaceNews ), pg 22, May 28, 2007.〕 and a modern, diverse workplace, Mountain reorganized STScI's internal management and oversaw the creation of the Science Mission Office,〔(STScI Science Mission Office ). Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 the Project Management Organization, and the Future of the Workplace Committee〔(STScI Future of the Workplace Committee ). Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 to advise the director on issues of inclusion and workplace culture.〔 As STScI's director, Mountain collaborated with the astronomical community, NASA, and the crew of STS-125 to develop the science priorities for the Hubble Space Telescope's final servicing mission. He also represented the science community at NASA's Johnson Space Center during the mission's extra-vehicular activities in May 2009. After the servicing mission, Mountain initiated Hubble's Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs〔(Hubble Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs ), STScI. Accessed November 7, 2013.〕 (in 2010) and the Frontier Fields initiative〔(NASA's Great Observatories Begin Deepest Ever Probe of the Universe ), STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, October 24, 2013.〕 (in 2013).〔 As an astrophysicist, Mountain’s research interests have included star formation, instrumentation for infrared astronomy, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes.〔〔〔 He has published more than 100 research papers, articles, and reports.〔(Matt Mountain's Bibliography ), STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 Mountain is also a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the Johns Hopkins University〔 and a visiting professor at the University of Oxford.〔〔(Visiting Professorships in the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences ), University of Oxford. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 He is a fellow of the American Astronomical Society, the Royal Astronomical Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and he is a member of the International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE).〔〔〔 In 2003, Mountain received the Gabriela Mistral Medal for excellence in education from the Chilean Ministry of Education for the Gemini StarTeachers educational program. This was the first time the medal was awarded outside of Chile.〔〔〔(Gabriela Mistral Medal announcement ), Gemini Observatory. Accessed October 11, 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Matt Mountain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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